Science - Weight of an Atom
Atoms are composed of three main subatomic particles:
- Protons: Positively charged particles found in the atom's central nucleus.
- Neutrons: Neutral particles (no charge) are also located in the nucleus.
- Electrons: Negatively charged particles that rapidly move around the nucleus in a region called the electron cloud.
Additionally, Quarks are elementary particles that are considered the fundamental building blocks of matter. They are the constituents of larger particles called hadrons, which include protons and neutrons found in the nucleus of an atom.
Key characteristics
- Nucleus: Protons and neutrons reside in the dense, positively charged center of the atom called the nucleus.
- Electron Cloud: Electrons orbit the nucleus in specific energy levels or shells.
- Electrically Neutral: In a neutral atom, the number of protons equals the number of electrons, balancing out the positive and negative charges.
- Mass: Most of an atom's mass is concentrated in the nucleus due to the much larger size and mass of protons and neutrons compared to electrons.
- Interactions: The attraction between the positively charged nucleus and the negatively charged electrons holds the atom together.
Qur'an - Weight of an Atom
Besides the Arabic word “ذَرَّةٍ”, there are few other words in the Holy Qur’an that are used to represent the smallest particles: “الْحَبِّ”, “النَّوَىٰ” , “فَتِيلًا” , and ‘نَقِيرًا”.
فَتِيلًا - a thread inside a date seed / a twisted rope
النَّوَىٰ - date seeds / nucleus نواة”. Plural nuclei نَّوَىٰ”
الْحَبِّ - grain / nut, whit, smallest thing
نَقِيرًا - the speck on a date seed / sound or vibrations of a rope
فَمَن يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُۥ
Then shall anyone who has done an
atom's weight of good, see it! 99:7
وَمَن يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَرَهُۥ
And anyone who has done an atom's weight of evil, shall see it. 99:8
وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لَا تَأْتِينَا ٱلسَّاعَةُ قُلْ بَلَىٰ وَرَبِّى لَتَأْتِيَنَّكُمْ عَـٰلِمِ ٱلْغَيْبِ لَا يَعْزُبُ عَنْهُ
مِثْقَالُ ذَرَّةٍ فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ
وَلَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَآ أَصْغَرُ مِن ذَٰلِكَ وَلَآ أَكْبَرُ إِلَّا فِى كِتَـٰبٍ مُّبِينٍ
But those who disbelieve say, "The Hour will not come to us." Say, "Yes, by my Lord, it will surely come to you.
[ Allah is] the Knower of the unseen." Not absent from Him is an
atom's weight within the heavens or
within the earth or [what is] smaller than that or greater, except that it is in a clear register 34:3
وَمَا تَكُونُ فِى شَأْنٍ وَمَا تَتْلُوا۟ مِنْهُ مِن قُرْءَانٍ وَلَا تَعْمَلُونَ مِنْ عَمَلٍ إِلَّا كُنَّا عَلَيْكُمْ شُهُودًا إِذْ تُفِيضُونَ فِيهِ وَمَا يَعْزُبُ
عَن رَّبِّكَ مِن مِّثْقَالِ ذَرَّةٍ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَلَآ أَصْغَرَ مِن ذَٰلِكَ وَلَآ أَكْبَرَ إِلَّا فِى كِتَـٰبٍ مُّبِينٍ
And, [O Muhammad], you are not [engaged] in any matter or recite any of the Qur'an and you [people] do not do any deed except that We are witness over you when you are involved in it. And not absent from your Lord is any [part] of an atom's weight within the earth or within the heaven or [anything] smaller than that or greater but that it is in a clear register. 10:61
Whenever God mentioned the smallest particle “ذَرَّةٍ” in the above verses, the word “مِثْقَالَ” is also mentioned before that which means “Weight”. Isn’t that a miracle?! In modern science, we measure small particles and elements by their “Atomic Weights” and not by their size. Isn't it amazing how the Holy Qur'an describes it?!
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ فَالِقُ ٱلْحَبِّ وَٱلنَّوَىٰ يُخْرِجُ ٱلْحَىَّ مِنَ ٱلْمَيِّتِ وَمُخْرِجُ ٱلْمَيِّتِ مِنَ ٱلْحَىِّ ذَٰلِكُمُ ٱللَّهُ فَأَنَّىٰ تُؤْفَكُونَ
It is Allah Who is the cleaver of the seed-grain and the date-stone to split and sprout. He causes the living to issue from the dead, and He is the one to cause the dead to issue from the living. That is Allah. then how are you deluded away from the truth? 6:95
Please note how the above verse points out to cleaving or splitting the seed (atom)!
أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ يُزَكُّونَ أَنفُسَهُم بَلِ ٱللَّهُ يُزَكِّى مَن يَشَآءُ وَلَا يُظْلَمُونَ فَتِيلًا
Have you not turned your vision to those who claim sanctity for themselves? Nay-but Allah sanctifies whom He pleases.
But never will they fail to receive justice in the
least little thing. 4:49
وَمَن يَعْمَلْ مِنَ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ مِن ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنثَىٰ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ يَدْخُلُونَ ٱلْجَنَّةَ وَلَا يُظْلَمُونَ نَقِيرًا
And whoever does righteous deeds, whether male or female, while being a believer - those will enter Paradise and
will not be wronged, [even as much as]
the speck on a date seed. 4:124
